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  • Project Papers and Notes
    Applying biotechnology in a safe and responsible manner
    The purpose of this policy brief is primarily to enhance understanding of the objectives, scope and provisions of the Biosafety Bill, 2007, published by Kenya’s Ministry of Science and Technology. The Bill lays down legal and institutional ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana
    In many countries, economic considerations are an important factor in government decisionmaking on the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products. However, reliable information on their actual or likely economic impact is often lacking. ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana
    In many countries, economic considerations are an important factor in government decision making on the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products. However, reliable information on their actual or likely economic impact is often lacking. ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana
    Ghana Study Case Agriculture in Ghana is characterized by low yields and productivity, which are compounded in the long run by production shocks due to environmental stresses such as drought, pests, and diseases. Vegetables are more ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana
    In many countries, economic considerations are an important factor in government decision making on the introduction of genetically modified (GM) products. However, reliable information on their actual or likely economic impact is often lacking. ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana
    Ghana Study Case Agriculture in Ghana is characterized by low yields and productivity, which are compounded in the long run by production shocks due to environmental stresses such as drought, pests, and diseases. Vegetables are more ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Assessing the potential impact of genetically modified cotton in Uganda
    Cotton has been planted in Uganda for more than a century, despite its low productivity. In an effort to improve productivity, the Ugandan government is considering genetically modified (GM) varieties such as insect resistant (IR) and herbicide ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Asynchronous import approvals and the low level presence of traded GM products
    This note summarizes an economic analysis of policy options to manage the low level presence (LLP) of traded genetically modified (GM) products approved in the exporting country but not yet by the importing destination. The results emphasize the ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Biosafety and perceived commercial risks
    This brief summarizes a study on commercial risks and the role of GM-free private standards in biosafety decisionmaking in developing countries. The findings are used to suggest a straightforward decisionmaking framework to help separate real ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Building sustainable biosafety education capacity
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Ensuring biosafety at the national level
    South Africa has the only fully functioning biosafety regulatory system in Africa. Farmers plant approved varieties of genetically engineered corn, cotton, and soybeans, and research is being conducted to apply genetic engineering to numerous ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Establishing national biosafety regulatory systems
    Countries around the world are in the process of establishing national biosafety regulatory systems to address issues surrounding living modified organisms (LMOs). The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (“the Protocol”) is a major driving force ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    From “May Contain” to “Does Contain”?
    This note summarizes a study on the effects of implementing strict information requirements under Article 18.2(a) of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, examining the case of maize. The results suggest that such measures would increase maize ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Implementing Information Requirements for GM Commodities under the Cartagena Protocol Article 18.2(A)
    This note summarizes a study on the implications of implementing strict information requirements for genetically modified (GM) commodities under Article 18.2(a) of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in Kenya. The results show that enforcement of ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Integrated confinement system for genetically engineered plants
    Experimental testing, especially in open field trials, is a critical step in the development of new plant varieties, whether these are produced by conventional breeding methods or through modern genetic techniques. Exposing new lines or plants ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    International trade-related regulations of GM food
  • Project Papers and Notes
    International trade-related regulations of GM food
    This brief summarizes a comprehensive review of national and international trade-related regulations on the food and feed products derived from transgenic or genetically modified (GM) crops, identifies the main effects of these regulations on ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Labeling policies of genetically modified food
    A multiplicity of national approaches: During the last seven years, more than forty countries have adopted labeling regulations for GM food, but the characteristics of the regulations and their degree of implementation vary greatly. Among the ...
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Marketing and trade policies for genetically modified products
    This brief analyzes the past successes and recent challenges of South Africa’s trade and marketing policies on genetically modified (GM) products, with the aim of drawing lessons for countries that are designing their biosafety systems.
  • Project Papers and Notes
    Should Asian countries adopt GM crops despite trade regulations?
    This brief summarizes a study evaluating the potential economic effects of introducing genetically modified (GM) food crops in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines in the presence of trade regulations.
  • Project Papers and Notes
    What information should be required on shipments of LMO-FFPs?
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