• By 2025, international trade will play an even stronger role than it does today in providing food to many regions around the world. If current conditions persist, Africa will continue to rely on food imports to help meet its domestic food needs. A more liberalized global trading environment can help reverse this dependency.
• Reduction and eventual removal of trade barriers in both developed and developing countries can have a significant effect on the price of commodities critical to African agriculture, such as cereals and meat. For developing countries, trade liberalization can also result in significant economic benefits.
• The IMPACT model projected three scenarios to assess the effects of different levels of trade liberalization of major agricultural products on Africa in 2025:

Under full global trade liberalization (complete removal of trade barriers):

• Africa would receive net economic benefits of US$ 5.4 billion. Sub-Saharan Africa would be the largest beneficiary on the continent, receiving 85 percent or US$ 4.6 billion of the total benefits.
• Countries in West Asia/North Africa would benefit the least with US$0.29 billion.
• Cereal prices increase between 9 and 32 percent above current prices. Rice prices increase by 14 percent, followed closely by maize, wheat, and other coarse grains.
• Prices for meat increase sharply, with beef escalating by 19 percent, followed by pork and poultry at 12 percent. Milk prices jump by 32 percent.

Under African trade liberalization (increase of farmer subsidies and consumer taxes in all African countries in 2005, and are maintained to 2025):

• Cereal prices rise between 5 and 8 percent.
• Meat and milk prices increase between 2 and 3 percent.

Under African protectionism (complete removal of trade barriers for all African countries, while trade barriers remain in all other countries and regions):

• Cereal prices increase between 1 and 3 percent.
• Meat and milk prices increase between 1 and 4 percent.