Aquaculture or fish farming: The cultivation of food fish or shellfish under controlled conditions, including marine net pens, freshwater ponds, brackish-water ponds, and cages.

Baseline data: The starting dataset for economic projections; in the present case a consistent set of production, consumption, and trade figures for 32 food commodities in 36 country groups averaged over annual FAO observations for 1996-1998.

Baseline scenario: The "most likely" scenario in economic modeling, incorporating the authors' best estimates of model parameters combined with the baseline data.

Bycatch: The inadvertent catch of organisms that were not specifically targeted by a fishing operation (e.g. non-target fish species, marine mammals, seabirds); either discarded or landed for commercial sale.

Capture fisheries: Fishing operations that catch wild fish, either in freshwater or saltwater.

Carnivorous aquaculture: The cultivation of aquatic organisms that require animal matter as part of their feed, such as salmon or shrimp.

Eco-labeling: The practice of certifying a product as having been produced under environmentally sustainable conditions.

Fish oil: Usually a byproduct of the fishmeal manufacturing process, used for pharmaceuticals, fish feeds, and for direct human consumption.

Fishmeal: Cooked, pressed, dried and milled fish, usually small pelagics. Used for animal feed.

Intensification: The process of producing more outputs from the same level of the limiting factor of production, usually by increasing the levels of other purchased inputs or factors of production, or by technological change, or both.

Reduction fish: Fish destined for processing into fishmeal and fish oil.

Transgenic: Relating to the transfer of genes from one species to another.