The results from theoretical and applied work from past years suggest that bargaining power associated with greater command over household resources, increases the share of an individual’s consumption. It is however not much known about further impacts of unequal distribution of say among members of the same household and how access to resources may shape individual incentives and preferences. The two papers presented here look at the production side of families, i.e. fertility and household production using the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey from 1997. Regarding fertility, the 2000 Demographic Health Survey (DHS) reveals that women and men have to some extent differing preferences over the desired number of children. As women bear the greater share of the costs emerging from pregnancy and raising children, they prefer to have fewer children than men. Applying several estimation techniques, Dr. Seebens finds a negative correlation between assets brought to marriage by women and the spacing of births up to the sixth child as well as the number of children ever born. In a further study on efficiency in household production, the hypothesis can be confirmed that the more equal the allocation of resources, the higher the household’s productivity which may be predominantly due to the incentives to participate efficiently in the production process.