Paraguay

Publications

Working Paper

The future of ABPU agriculture: The 2nd MERCUSUR outlook

2025Jorge, Nicolás; Kanadani Campos, Silvia; Fonseca da Pereira, Vanessa; Vicentin Masaro, Jimena; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; Piñeiro, Valeria; Rava, Catalina; Costa, Ramiro

Details

The future of ABPU agriculture: The 2nd MERCUSUR outlook

In today’s complex and uncertain global environment, region-specific agricultural and trade outlooks are more essential than ever. While global projections from institutions such as the OECD-FAO and USDA provide valuable baselines, incorporating local perspectives is essential to capture the specific dynamics of emerging economies that are deeply integrated into international agrifood markets. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is the world’s largest net food-exporting region, playing a central role in stabilizing supplies and reducing price volatility (IFPRI, 2025). Within LAC, Mercosur—Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (ABPU)—accounts for more than half of the region’s agrifood trade, concentrated in oilseeds, cereals, and animal proteins. Over the past two decades, agricultural exports from LAC have more than doubled, consolidating the region’s role as a net contributor to global food availability (Piñeiro et al, 2025a, 2025b). This performance highlights Mercosur’s structural weight in global markets, while also underscoring the climatic, institutional, and infrastructural challenges that call for tailored foresight tools.

Year published

2025

Authors

Jorge, Nicolás; Kanadani Campos, Silvia; Fonseca da Pereira, Vanessa; Vicentin Masaro, Jimena; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; Piñeiro, Valeria; Rava, Catalina; Costa, Ramiro

Citation

Jorge, Nicolás; Kanadani Campos, Silvia; Fonseca da Pereira, Vanessa; Vicentin Masaro, Jimena; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; et al. 2025. The future of ABPU agriculture: The 2nd MERCUSUR outlook. LAC Working Paper 41. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178953

Country/Region

Argentina; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay

Keywords

Latin America and the Caribbean; International Trade; International Agreements; International Organizations; Macroeconomics; Capacity Building; Agrifood Systems

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

What do we know about the future of agriculture in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay? The Mercosur Outlook

2025Jorge, Nicolás; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca; Masaro, Jimena Vicentin; Peri, Graciela Isabel; Piñeiro, Valeria

Details

What do we know about the future of agriculture in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay? The Mercosur Outlook

This report constitutes a long-term vision for key variables of the agricultural sector in the Mercosur countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay (or ABPU, with both terms used interchangeably). The objective is not to forecast the sector’s future but to serve as a reference tool, considering long-term drivers. This study addresses the question: what will happen to relevant agricultural variables over the next decade if current trends persist? Although based on a quantitative model, the results are not merely model outputs; they undergo a thorough revision process with experts from each country. The outcomes are also conditional on specific assumptions, including macroeconomic conditions, government policies, weather, international agreements, and other influencing factors.

Year published

2025

Authors

Jorge, Nicolás; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca; Masaro, Jimena Vicentin; Peri, Graciela Isabel; Piñeiro, Valeria

Citation

Jorge, Nicolás; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca; Masaro, Jimena Vicentin; Peri, Graciela Isabel; and Piñeiro, Valeria. 2025. What do we know about the future of agriculture in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay? The Mercosur Outlook. LAC Working Paper 39. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176398

Country/Region

Argentina; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay

Keywords

Americas; South America; Agricultural Sector; Policies; Food Security; Supply Chains; Exports

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

Deforestation in the MERCOSUR Countries: A comparative analysis of trends, policies, and governance (2000–2024)

2025Piñeiro, Valeria; Papendieck, Sabine; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Jorge, Nicolás; Mingoti, Rafael; da Silveira, Hilton Luis Ferraz; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca

Details

Deforestation in the MERCOSUR Countries: A comparative analysis of trends, policies, and governance (2000–2024)

The countries of MERCOSUR—Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (ABPU)—are home to some of South America’s most vital and diverse forest ecosystems. These include the globally significant Amazon rainforest, the biodiversity-rich Cerrado savannah, and the expansive and carbon-dense Gran Chaco dry forests. Together, these ecosystems regulate hydrological cycles, support endemic biodiversity, store vast amounts of carbon, and provide critical ecosystem services to rural and urban populations alike. The importance of these forests extends beyond their ecological functions. They are central to the region’s climate commitments under the Paris Agreement, to global biodiversity targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and to the livelihoods and cultural heritage of indigenous and rural communities. Moreover, forests are increasingly linked with international trade and investment. The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), for example, imposes new traceability requirements on commodities linked to land-use change, and the EU-MERCOSUR partnership agreement with its trade and sustainable development chapter, further elevating the geopolitical and economic relevance of forest governance in the MERCOSUR countries.

Year published

2025

Authors

Piñeiro, Valeria; Papendieck, Sabine; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Jorge, Nicolás; Mingoti, Rafael; da Silveira, Hilton Luis Ferraz; Campos, Silvia Kanadani; da Pereira, Vanessa da Fonseca

Citation

Piñeiro, Valeria; Papendieck, Sabine; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Jorge, Nicolás; Mingoti, Rafael; et al. 2025. Deforestation in the MERCOSUR Countries: A comparative analysis of trends, policies, and governance (2000–2024). LAC Working Paper 38. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176401

Country/Region

Argentina; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay

Keywords

Americas; South America; Deforestation; Biodiversity; Trade Agreements; Land-use Change; Development; Agriculture; Policies

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

Datasets

Dataset

ASTI Paraguay Database

2016Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators

Details

ASTI Paraguay Database

This dataset includes national-level time series data on researcher capacity by qualification level, age bracket, discipline mix, and commodity, as well as a detailed breakdown of agricultural research investment across government, higher education, nonprofit, and (where possible) private for-profit agricultural research agencies. These data were derived through a series of primary survey rounds conducted by IFPRI’s Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) and in close collaboration with a large network of national collaborators. The ASTI data constitute a powerful resource for national and regional research managers, policymakers, donor organizations, and other stakeholders. ASTI’s key indicators provide both a diagnostic tool for assessing the allocation and use of existing resources and an advocacy tool for increasing resources and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of resource use. The ASTI website offers interactive pages that allow users to access country-level time series data, make cross-country comparisons, create graphs, and download country datasets and publications as well as detailed institutional information on agencies involved in agricultural research. The interactive benchmarking tool on the ASTI website is a convenient map-based instrument allowing users to make cross-country comparisons and rankings based on a wide set of financial and human resource indicators. The detailed ASTI datasets are available in an easy-to-use data download tool. Detailed information on definitions, methodology, and calculation procedures are available at www.asti.cgiar.org

Year published

2016

Authors

Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators

Citation

Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators. 2016. ASTI Paraguay database. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://www.asti.cgiar.org/paraguay. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1. https://www.asti.cgiar.org/paraguay

Country/Region

Paraguay

Keywords

Americas; Latin America and the Caribbean; South America; Agricultural Research

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-3.0

Source

Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Dataset

A 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Paraguay

2005International Food Policy Research Institute

Details

A 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Paraguay

The 1998 Paraguay Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is based on the 1997-98 integrated household surveys, the matrix for intermediate demand by the Central Bank of Paraguay (CBP), the final demand matrix and total supply matrix constructed also by the CBP, tax information for the principal tax payers reported by the Ministry of Finance (MF) disaggregated in different levels, balance of payments statistics and the national accounts bulletin from the CBP. The SAM distinguishes eight sectors of activities times equal number of commodities. These sectors include (1) primary sector (agriculture, livestock, hunting, mining and fishery), (2) manufactured goods, (3) construction, (4) utilities (electricity and water and sewage), (5) transportation, storage and communications, (6) trade, restaurants and hotels, (7) financial services such us banking, insurance, real state and services provided to the firms, and (8) community, social and personal services.

Year published

2005

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute. 2005. A 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) For Paraguay. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/11190. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Paraguay

Keywords

Americas; Latin America and the Caribbean; South America; Financial Institutions; Commodities; Taxes; Households; Transport; Economic Activities; Manufacturing

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-3.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Dataset