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discussion paper

Design of a mobile phone-based Artificial Intelligence (AI) application to assess dietary intake and provide nudges to improve healthy eating choices: Formative research in Ghana and Vietnam

Background: Low quality diets are a public health problem affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. Nudging for Good (NFG) is a new research project aimed at developing, validating, and examining the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI)…

discussion paper

Explaining the gender gap in profits among entrepreneurs in Malawi

In this paper, we utilize decomposition methods to document the extent and drivers of the performance gap in Malawi between firms with a female owner and firms with a male owner. We find that, on average, male-owned businesses in Malawi earn profits mo…

discussion paper

Does market inclusion empower women? Evidence from Bangladesh

Increased market inclusion through participation in agricultural value chains may increase employment and household incomes, but evidence on its empowerment impacts is mixed. In societies with restrictive social norms, greater market inclusion can enha…

discussion paper

"It takes two": Women’s empowerment in agricultural value chains in Malawi

Inclusive agricultural value chains (VCs) are potential drivers for poverty reduction, food security, and women’s empowerment. This report assesses the implementation of the Agricultural Technical and Vocational Education Training for Women Program (AT…

discussion paper

A qualitative assessment of a gender-sensitive agricultural training program in Benin: Findings on program experience and women’s empowerment across key agricultural value chains

This study presents qualitative findings from an assessment conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute and Cultural Practice, LLC of the African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa’s Development (AUDA-NEPAD) Agricultu…

discussion paper

Exploring gendered experiences of time-use agency in Benin, Malawi, and Nigeria as a new concept to measure women’s empowerment

Time use, or how women and men allocate their time, is an important aspect of empowerment. To build on this area of study, we propose and explore the concept of time-use agency in this paper, which shifts the focus from the amount of time spent on acti…

discussion paper

Consumer immobility predicts both macroeconomic contractions and household poverty during COVID-19

Amid extreme uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic, economic policymakers have struggled to respond to rapidly changing circumstances with appropriate speed and scale. One policy obstacle is the dearth of real-time indicators of the pandemic’s econo…

discussion paper

The impacts of cash transfers on mental health and investments: Experimental evidence from Mali

Economic resilience requires future-oriented decision-making around income generation and protection in case of shocks. However, poverty is highly correlated with poor mental health, limiting forward-looking decision-making, thus perpetuating poverty. …

discussion paper

Social protection and sustainable poverty reduction: Experimental evidence from Bangladesh

Social protection programs are primarily focused on influencing household behavior in the short term, increasing consumption to reduce poverty and food insecurity, and promoting investments in human capital. A large body of evidence across numerous set…

discussion paper

Coaching, not monitoring? Insights from a school accountability reform in Pakistan

We evaluate a pilot reform of the promotion system for teachers and head teachers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, that was implemented as a randomized controlled trial during the 2017-2018 school year. District officials were asked to visit t…

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