Investing in three aspects of governance, examined in this chapter, is critical for rural revitalization. First, appropriate and predictable laws and regulations are fundamental to economic growth and development.

Rural development is a top priority of the European Union (EU), designated as one of two pillars under the Common Agricultural Policy since 2000. The EU’s multisectoral approach includes a variety of activities described in this chapter.

At the regional and country level, developments in 2018 had important repercussions for food security and nutrition.

IFPRI’s flagship report reviews the major food policy developments and decisions of the past year, and looks ahead to 2019.

Rural revitalization is a way of positively transforming rural areas for present and future generations, as described in this signature chapter co-authored with UNDP.

The world’s hundreds of millions of extremely poor people cannot escape from poverty without access to energy, notably electricity.

After experiencing significant negative external shocks beginning in late 2014, the Central Asian countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan—began to enjoy more favorable external economic conditions in late 2016.

Страны Центральной Азии — Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан, Туркменистан и Узбекистан — столкнулись со значительными негативными внешними экономическими потрясениями в период с конца 2014 года, однако к концу 2016 года оказались в более благопри

2017 год был отмечен ростом неопределенности на фоне неоднозначных признаков прогресса.

The year 2017 was marked by increasing uncertainty amid mixed signs of progress. The world enjoyed a strong economic recovery, but global hunger increased as conflicts, famine, and refugee crises persisted.

2017年，全球在取得不同方面进展的同时，各种不确定因素亦日趋增加。尽管世界经济复苏强劲，持续的冲突、饥荒及难民危机却导致全球饥饿人口增加。同时，在反全球化思潮的冲击下，全球格局呈现出复杂多变的态势，国际贸易和投资以及人口与知识的流动均受到阻碍。虽然在过去几十年里全球一体化加速推进了消除贫困和营养不良的进程，然而随着美国从多项重要国际协议中退出、英国退欧以及许多国家反移民言论的抬头，全球一体化进程开始出现倒退。

The year 2017 was marked by increasing uncertainty amid mixed signs of progress. The world enjoyed a strong economic recovery, but global hunger increased as conflicts, famine, and refugee crises persisted.

Une incertitude croissante et des signes de progrès contrastés ont marqué l’année 2017.

IFPRI's IMPACT model allows policy makers, analysts, and civil society to explore future scenarios for food security—including the impact of climate change on agricultural production and hunger—through an integrated system of linked economic, clim

The Global Hunger Index tracks progress in reducing hunger at the global and country levels.

Total factor productivity (TFP) provides a measure of the efficiency of agricultural production, allowing for comparisons across time and across countries.

ASTI provides open-access data and analysis on agricultural research investment and capacity in low- and middle-income countries as well as benchmarking tools that allow for tracking the performance of national agricultural R&D systems.

The FPRCI database provides measures of quality and quantity of national capacity for food policy research in 33 developing countries.

SPEED tracks public expenditures in agriculture and other sectors by national governments across 109 developing countries and 35 developed countries.