Agricultural extension can have important impacts on vulnerable populations by increasing food production, which improves both rural incomes and urban food security.

Micronutrient deficiencies (MND) remain an important challenge in the 21st century, complicated by climate, economic, and demographic change.

Lockdowns induced by COVID-19 have threatened food security in most developing countries.

Food insecurity and malnutrition are being worsened in countries that are exposed to armed conflict. Nigeria has witnessed a decade of protracted armed conflict and civil unrest.

In this paper, we present four globally-consistent regional scenarios on Western Africa’s development that have been used to test and develop a range of national and regional policies.

This paper seeks to enhance our understanding of resilience processes, activities, and outcomes by examining initiatives to enhance resilience capacity that are designed and implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in applying the concept of resilience to pastoral systems and to development programs in pastoral systems.