Since the beginning of October, Madagascar’s capital city of Antananarivo, has been on edge.

According to the United Nations, least developed countries (LDCs) account for 13 per cent of the world population but only about 1.3 per cent of global GDP and less than 1 per cent of global trade and foreign direct investment .

In early 2023, the United Nations announced that the world is facing the highest number of violent conflicts since World War II, with a majority of these being civil conflicts.

Introduction

•  Women’s diet is one of the immediate determinants of maternal and child nutrition

Objectives

The incidence of poverty at the district level is represented by the poverty headcount ratio, which shows the proportion of the population with consumption expenditures below the national poverty line (MWK 165,879 per person per year, in April 201

Poor households in rural Bangladesh often face concurring idiosyncratic and aggregate shocks, which have adverse impacts on their income and consumption.

Food waste refers to the decrease in the quantity or quality of food resulting from decisions and actions by retailers, food service providers, and consumers.

Summary

The essential first steps of addressing the problem of food loss are measuring the loss, identifying where in the food system it occurs, and developing effective policies to mitigate it along the value chain.

Agricultural lands are vital to food security, which is imperative to the “no global hunger” objective of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.

Extension and Advisory Services (EAS) providers are important partners for communities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from shocks such as natural disasters and human, plant, and animal disease and pest outbreaks.

Agricultural communities face a range of shocks from animal disease and crop pest outbreaks to natural disasters, political conflicts, and health crises such as COVID-19.

This poster uses data from the fourth Integrated Household Survey (IHS4) conducted in all 28 districts and the four major cities of Malawi in 2016/17.

For over 30 years, responses to food insecurity in Ethiopia were dominated by emergency food aid. The Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP), launched in 2005, is a more sustainable response mechanism to recurring droughts.

Agricultural extension is crucial for promoting equality of opportunity among smallholders. Ethiopia has one of Africa’s largest extension systems: 1) 17.5 million smallholder farmers 2) 1 extension agent per 400-500 farmers.

Rural transformation and poverty reduction in Ethiopia require increased agricultural productivity. Limited availability of quality seed to smallholders is a roadblock on the way to productivity growth.