Agricultural extension services play an important role in agricultural development.

Agricultural inputs, including fertilizers, seeds, breeding stock, crop protection chemicals, machinery, irrigation, and knowledge, are key to innovation and productivity improvement, and are the backbone of any agricultural revolution.

Agricultural extension and advisory services is a system that facilitates access of farmers or their organizations to new knowledge, information and technologies and promotes interaction with research, education, agri‐business, and other relevant

Process skills and core competencies are basic sets of knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors that agricultural extension professionals require to perform their tasks effectively.

To strengthen the agricultural extension curriculum, the present study was undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa covering Nigeria, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Kenya during 2021-2023.

Implementation of decentralized and pluralistic policies in provision of extension services has led to increased availability of actors providing extension services to farmers in most developing countries including Kenya.

Smallholder farmers may suffer losses from ex-treme weather events, pests and disease. This is expected to worsen in the face of climate change.

To assess these national capacity needs, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support Systems (ReSAKSS) initiated a study in Kenya and other African nations.

Over the last two decades, several seed-related programs have been initiated in eastern Kenya to improve farmers’ access to quality seeds of dryland cereals and legumes. They are provided during two occasions, regular and emergency times.

Agricultural growth will prove essential for improving the welfare of the vast majority of Africa’s poor.

Kenyan horticultural exports are often cited as a success story in African agriculture. Fruit and vegetable exports from Côte 'Ivoire have received less attention, but the export value is similar to that of Kenya.