Poverty reduction and conservation of natural resources are both global goals for sustainable development. However, it is not well understood how interventions to reduce poverty impact coastal communities and the fisheries they depend upon.

Agricultural and food policies are increasingly asked to do more to improve the dietary quality of populations in lower and middle income countries (LMICs), especially severely malnourished rural populations.

Institutionalized conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs may affect pre-existing, informal safety nets such as inter-household transfers and trust among community members.

Cash transfers boost educational outcomes for poor children on average, but which aspects of educational performance are most responsive and which poor children benefit the most?

In low- and middle-income countries, poor cooperation between members of smallholder agricultural households may lead to inefficient allocation of productive resources.

When we began working with the government of Tanzania to evaluate a pilot conditional cash transfer program, we heard similar concerns from policymakers: would cash transfers provided by the state erode informal safety nets?

This paper is a revised version of the IFPRI Discussion Paper 1842

This paper was originally published in December 2020 and was updated in November 2022.

A relatively large body of literature has documented the welfare effects of smallholder farmers’ participation in single-commodity output markets.

Cash transfers boost educational outcomes for poor children on average, but which aspects of educational performance are most responsive and which poor children benefit the most?

This paper was revised in 2022 and view the updated version

With increased focus on the shortfall in learning outcomes around the world (the “learning crisis”!), one might assume that just about every child is in school, or at least that every young child is in primary school.

Where there are more village meetings, cash transfers can increase trust in elected leaders, and improve the perceptions of government responsiveness to citizens’ concerns, and leaders' honesty.

Millions of very poor people who depend on agriculture are frequently exposed to shocks due to extreme weather and volatile prices. Even with strong agricultural growth, an estimated 400 million people will remain at risk of hunger in 2030.