Agricultural research spending in Vietnam has increased steadily since 2000.

Malaysia’s total agricultural research spending remained stagnant in the decade leading to 2017, averaging around 0.9 to 1.0 billion ringgit per year (in constant 2011 prices).

Agricultural research investment in Thailand rose gradually during 2013–2017, largely driven by increased spending by the country’s livestock, forestry, and rice departments.

Indonesian agricultural R&D spending declined steadily in the decade leading to 2017 (in inflation-adjusted terms).

Despite a considerable increase in agricultural research spending in recent years, Cambodia is still grossly underinvesting.

Agricultural R&D capacity in Laos has risen steadily over time, but R&D expenditures have exhibited an erratic trend in recent years. In 2017, the country invested only 0.26 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research.

PNG’s agricultural research expenditure declined steadily during 2013–2017 as the combined result of reductions in both donor and government funding. In 2017, PNG invested just 0.31 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research.

Despite a considerable increase in agricultural research spending in recent years, Myanmar is still seriously underinvesting.

Agricultural research investment and human resource capacity in Nepal have grown rapidly in recent years in response to increased government funding; in 2016, the country invested 0.42 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research.

Agricultural research investment and human resource capacity in Bangladesh have grown considerably in recent years, largely as a result of increased government and World Bank funding.

In 2016, Sri Lanka invested 0.62 percent of its AgGDP in agricultural research, representing an increase since 2010. Nevertheless, levels remained below those needed to address the country’s numerous productivity-related challenges.

This paper examines labor diversification in Ethiopia, focusing on youth, and explores current conditions that youth face in both the agricultural and non-farm labor markets.

Expanding and extending an earlier assessment (ESSP Working Paper 88, April 2016), we analyze the evolution of crop and livestock producer prices and wages of unskilled laborers in Ethiopia between January 2014 and June 2016 to evaluate the effect

Given the importance of agriculture in developing economies, food processing industries often dominate the industrial sector when considering employment and value addition in these settings.

We use qualitative and quantitative information from a number of datasets to study the adoption patterns and labor productivity impacts of herbicide use in Ethiopia.

One of the key questions in food policy debates in the last decades has been the role of cash cropping for achieving food security in low income countries. We revisit this question in the context of smallholder coffee production in Ethiopia.

Based on a unique large-scale data set on teff production and marketing, Ethiopia’s most important cash crop, we study post-harvest losses in rural-urban value chains, specifically between producers and urban retailers in the capital, Addis Ababa.

Improved technologies are increasingly promoted to farmers in sub-Saharan-African countries to address low agricultural productivity in their staple crops.

Due to the rapid growth of cities in Africa, many more farmers are now living in rural hinterlands in relatively close proximity to cities where many provide food to urban residents.

Ethiopia’s economy is rapidly transforming. However, the extent to which this is affecting off-farm income and labor markets in rural areas is not well understood.