Increasing demands for agricultural commodities are resulting in more intensely managed landscapes. This is at odds with biodiversity conservation and largely ignores farmland biodiversity’s supporting function for high and stable yields.

Ecosystem services are synonymous with nature’s benefit to people. Agro-food is synonymous with agri-food.

Without large changes in consumption as well as sharp reductions of food waste and post-harvest losses, agricultural production must grow to meet future food demands.

Sustainable land management is at the heart of some of the most intractable challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. It is critical for tackling biodiversity loss, land degradation, climate change and the decline of ecosystem services.

Despite resulting biodiversity losses, agricultural intensification is key for future food security and slowing expansion of cropland and pasture.  

This IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, also known as the Special Report on Climate Change and Land (SRRCL), is

Higher incomes in developing countries are associated with dietary shifts away from traditional staples towards highly processed foods and foods with higher nutritive value, such as animal source foods (Popkin 2004; Delgado et al. 2001).

It is widely recognized that local management of common pool resources can be more ecient and more e↵ective than private markets or top- own government management, especially in remote rural communities in which the institutions necessary for the

Human land use threatens global biodiversity and compromises multiple ecosystem functions critical to food production.

Despite decades of study, conservation biocontrol via manipulation of landscape elements has not become a mainstream strategy for pest control.

Food systems are comprised of the many elements that add up to the ways people get their food – the farms where food is produced, the businesses that process food into products, the markets and restaurants where it is sold and consumed, the polici

Rural areas are critical to the provision of ecosystem services.

This chapter characterizes the biodiversity on the planet and stresses the importance of biodiversity for agriculture.

Empirical evidence on the link between agrobiodiversity and dietary diversity appears to be inconclusive.