Reducing urban-rural gaps in child health is one of the most difficult challenges faced by many countries.

Following the initial COVID-19 outbreak in Hubei Province in late 2019, starting in late January 2020 the Chinese government imposed draconian lockdown measures across the country to control the spread of the disease (Fang, Wang, and Yang 2020).

Chinese migrant workers are very exposed to the shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Falling remittances adversely affect their families who rely on remittance incomes.

The coronavirus pandemic has sparked not only a health crisis but also an economic crisis, which together pose a serious threat to food security, particularly in poorer countries.

The 2019 Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) database contains public expenditure data for 164 countries from 1980 to 2017 for ten sectors: agriculture, communication, education, defense, health, mining, social prote

Highlights of IFPRI’s current cutting-edge, policy-relevant research in Central, East, South, and Southeast Asia are featured in this brochure.

中文标题：国际贫困瞄准的经验及对中国的启示

本文总结了国际多维贫困测量、多种瞄准方法、统一登记系统以及瞄准特定人群人力资本提升项目的有条件转移支付方式,并分析了各种方法需要注意的问题。据此提出采用多维贫困的方法进行贫困测量和干预,通过人群精准分类和统一的登记系统实现精准瞄准,通过参与式扶贫机制设计尤其是村庄的参与提升扶贫效果,通过加强贫困人口的营养、健康与教育投入降低返贫风险等建议。

China's achievements in poverty reduction in the past 40 years were impressive.

中国在过去近40年里取得的减贫成就有目共睹。本报告旨在研究中国城乡贫困的现状、特点和存在的问题，梳理扶贫政策的演变及挑战，分析中国减贫工作面临的国际国内形势与新问题，针对这些问题梳理和总结国际经验，提出2020年后中国减贫新愿景，并为新的减贫战略制定提供决策参考。

In many developing countries, gift expenses account for a substantial share of total household expenditures. As incomes rise, gift expenses are escalating in several developing countries.

2015 version contains information from 10 public expenditure sectors in 147 countries

Existing studies that evaluate the impact of pollution on human beings understate its negative effect on cognition, mental health, and happiness.