Land degradation is a pressing global challenge, with three billion people residing in degraded landscapes.

In complex nutrition-sensitive interventions, separately identifying the effect of each programmatic component on the outcomes of interest can be challenging.

Women’s and youth’s roles in agriculture vary across contexts and over time. Limited quantitative information is available on this topic from Southeast Asia in general, and particularly from Myanmar.

Gender differences in the engagement of work activities across sectors are important elements of gender inequality in rural livelihoods and welfare in developing countries.

Background

Enhancing women’s participation in agricultural production, including livestock production, has the potential to generate a range of benefits for rural households in the developing world.

Nepal has a long history of irrigation, including government and farmer-managed irrigation systems that are labor- and skill-intensive. Widespread male migration has important effects on Nepalese society.

Gender relations in households and communities play a formative role in how tenure rights — such as access to, use, and management of land and various natural resources — are practiced across multifunctional landscapes.

In situations with imperfect information, the way that value chain actors perceive each other is an important determinant of the value chain's structure and performance.

Over the past decade, interest in gender equality and women’s empowerment has grown rapidly, creating a unique opportunity to institutionalize gender research within agricultural research for development.

Investing in farmers – or agriculture human capital – is crucial to addressing challenges in our agri-food systems.

Livelihoods are changing rapidly in rural areas. Measuring and categorizing peoples’ labor activities in relation to the agricultural sector is important for understanding income earning opportunities and designing effective policy.

Over the past decade or so, there has been a renewed, and more concerted and comprehensive, interest in gender equality and women’s empowerment in the agricultural development sector.

The concept of empowerment has steadily made its way onto the international development agenda. Batliwala (2007) traces its equivalents back several hundred years and across geographies in struggles for social justice.

Rising temperatures and more extreme weather associated with climate change are expected to exacerbate existing social and gender inequalities across the globe (Adger et al. 2014 , Dankelman 2010).

The term “feminization of agriculture” is used to capture a wide range of gender dynamics and shifts in rural gender relations.

Globally, malnutrition remains unacceptably high, and its burden falls disproportionately on women and girls.

Marking a shift away from a traditional focus on how gender analysis can contribute to improved productivity to ask, How does agricultural and environmental research and development contribute to gender equality and women’s empowerment?

Seed is critical to food security as the first link in the food value chain (Galiè 2013) and can be a powerful agent of change (Reddy et al. 2007).

Almost a quarter of a century after the Beijing Declaration, and with 10 years left to meet the Sustainable Development Goals, The Guardian announced the SDG Gender Index’s finding that, “Not one single country is set to achieve gender equality by