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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Lilia Bliznashka

Lily Bliznashka is a Research Fellow in the Nutrition, Diets, and Health Unit. Her research focuses on assessing the effectiveness of multi-input nutrition-sensitive and nutrition-specific interventions and the mechanisms through which they work to improve maternal and child health and nutrition globally. She has worked in Burkina Faso, Burundi, Tanzania, and Uganda.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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partnerships

Cornell University is a private, Ivy league research university with a mission to help contribute to fields of knowledge that help improve quality of life at the local and global level. Through the Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture, and Development (CIIFAD), Cornell helps to create and support programs aimed at improving prospects for global food security, sustainable rural development and environmental conservation around the world. Cornell fosters research that leads to new and practical solutions in the field of agriculture to create an impact world-wide.

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Projects

Transfer Modality Research Initiative (TMRI)

Transfer Modality Research Initiative (TMRI)

From 2012 to 2014, IFPRI partnered with the World Food Programme on a two-year pilot safety net program – the Transfer Modality Research Initiative (TMRI)……

Publications

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Journal Article

Spatially explicit global assessment of cropland greenhouse gas emissions circa 2020

2026
Cao, Peiyu; Bilotto, Franco; Gonzalez Fischer, Carlos; Mueller, Nathaniel D.; Carlson, Kimberly M.; Driscoll, Avery W.; Gerber, James S.; Smith, Pete; Tubiello, Francesco N.; West, Paul C.
…more You, Liangzhi; Herrero, Mario
Details

Spatially explicit global assessment of cropland greenhouse gas emissions circa 2020

Spatially explicit cropland greenhouse gas emission data are essential for identifying emission hotspots and guiding sustainable mitigation strategies. Here we develop high-resolution (5 arcmin) global maps of cropland emissions across 46 crop classes in 2020 by integrating sectoral datasets on synthetic fertilizer, manure, crop residue, in-field burning, rice cultivation and cultivated drained peatlands. Global croplands emitted 2.5 (95% CI 2.4–2.7) GtCO2e yr−1, with drained peatlands (35%), rice paddies (35%) and synthetic fertilizer (23%) as the primary contributors. Four crops—rice, maize, oil palm and wheat—accounted for 67% of total emissions. Emission areal intensities averaged 2 MgCO2e ha−1 globally, with higher intensities in Asia and Europe, where croplands also achieved high caloric productivity. Spatial correlations between emission intensity and production efficiency reveal geographic trade-offs between mitigation potential and food production. The resulting dataset establishes a unified global framework for a spatially explicit assessment of agricultural emissions and efficiency.

Year published

2026

Authors

Cao, Peiyu; Bilotto, Franco; Gonzalez Fischer, Carlos; Mueller, Nathaniel D.; Carlson, Kimberly M.; Driscoll, Avery W.; Gerber, James S.; Smith, Pete; Tubiello, Francesco N.; West, Paul C.; You, Liangzhi; Herrero, Mario

Citation

Cao, Peiyu; Bilotto, Franco; Gonzalez Fischer, Carlos; Mueller, Nathaniel D.; Carlson, Kimberly M.; et al. 2026. Spatially explicit global assessment of cropland greenhouse gas emissions circa 2020. Nature Climate Change 16(3): 354-363. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-026-02558-4

Keywords

Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Assessment; Farmland; Climate Change Mitigation; Climate Change

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-026-02558-4 Source record

Record type

Journal Article

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Journal Article

Ozone pollution reduction partially offsets the negative impact of climate change mitigation efforts on global hunger

2026
Xia, Shujuan; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Jansakoo, Thanapat; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Tsuchiya, Kazuaki; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Chepeliev, Maksym; Kozicka, Marta; Mishra, Abhijeet; van Zeist, Willem-Jan
…more Zhao, Xin; de Lange, Thijs; Diniz Oliveira, Thais; Doelman, Jonathan C.; Gibson, Matthew; Havlík, Petr; Herrero, Mario; Kumar, Ipsita; Ochi, Yuki; Sulser, Timothy B.; Sundiang, Marina; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Takakura, Jun’ya; Wiebe, Keith D.
Details

Ozone pollution reduction partially offsets the negative impact of climate change mitigation efforts on global hunger

Studies warning of the potential negative effects of climate mitigation on food security through the competing use of land for bioenergy and afforestation have overlooked the impact of reduced ozone and its potential enhancement of crop yields. Here we use six global agro-economic models to compare the impacts of climate change with climate mitigation policy and ozone reduction on agriculture. We find that ozone reduction could reduce the negative impact of a 1.5 °C-consistent climate change mitigation policy on global hunger by 15% in 2050. Sub-Saharan Africa and India, where hunger is most severe, account for 56% of this global reduction. Our findings indicate that the negative effects of climate mitigation on global hunger could be partially offset by the ozone reduction impact.

Year published

2026

Authors

Xia, Shujuan; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Jansakoo, Thanapat; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Tsuchiya, Kazuaki; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Chepeliev, Maksym; Kozicka, Marta; Mishra, Abhijeet; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; Zhao, Xin; de Lange, Thijs; Diniz Oliveira, Thais; Doelman, Jonathan C.; Gibson, Matthew; Havlík, Petr; Herrero, Mario; Kumar, Ipsita; Ochi, Yuki; Sulser, Timothy B.; Sundiang, Marina; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Takakura, Jun’ya; Wiebe, Keith D.

Citation

Xia, Shujuan; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Jansakoo, Thanapat; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Tsuchiya, Kazuaki; et al. Ozone pollution reduction partially offsets the negative impact of climate change mitigation efforts on global hunger. Nature Food. Article in press. First published on March 16, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01322-3

Keywords

Ozone Depletion; Pollution; Air Pollution; Climate Change; Climate Change Mitigation; Hunger

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01322-3 Source record

Record type

Journal Article

Resource thumbnail

Journal Article

Bundling measures for food systems transformation: A global, multimodel assessment

2025
Sundiang, Marina; Oliveira, Thais Diniz; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Gibson, Matthew; Beier, Felicitas; Benavidez, Lauren; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Bos, Astrid; Chepeliev, Maksym; Chen, David Meng-Chuen
…more de Lange, Thijs; Doelman, Jonathan; Dunston, Shahnila; Frank, Stefan; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Havlik, Petr; Hristov, Jordan; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Kozicka, Marta; Kuiper, Marijke; Kyle, Page; Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Luchtenbelt, Hermen; Mishra, Abhijeet; Müller, Christoph; Nelson, Gerald C.; Palazzo, Amanda; Pérez Domínguez, Ignacio; Popp, Alexander; Sands, Ronald; Springmann, Marco; Stehfest, Elke; Sulser, Timothy B.; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Tassinari, Gianmaria; Thom, Ferike; Thornton, Philip K.; Tsuchiya, Kazuaki; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; van Meijl, Hans; van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique; Van Vuuren, Detlef; van Zanten, Hannah H. E.; Weindl, Isabelle; Wiebe, Keith D.; Zhao, Xin; Herrero, Mario
Details

Bundling measures for food systems transformation: A global, multimodel assessment

Background Current food systems leave one in ten individuals at risk of hunger while driving unsustainable environmental impacts. Inaction risks further exacerbating negative impacts on both human and planetary health. These challenges emerge from complex system interactions, requiring approaches that engage with this complexity and consider how transformation measures interact across food systems. We aimed to quantify the magnitude and uncertainty of the impacts of key food systems transformation measures both individually and in a bundle using an ensemble of global economic models. Methods In this global multimodel assessment, we applied an ensemble of ten state-of-the-art global economic models to evaluate the potential of four key measures in transforming food systems: increasing agricultural productivity, halving food loss and waste, shifting towards healthier diets, and economy-wide climate mitigation policies aligned with limiting warming to 1·5°C. The scenarios used a middle-of-the-road shared socioeconomic pathway for population and gross domestic product growth, climate impact data from Jägermeyr and colleagues, Thornton and colleagues, and Nelson and colleagues, and dietary targets based on the EAT–Lancet healthy reference diet, with model simulations conducted from 2020 to 2050. We then assessed the effect of these measures in isolation and in combination in a bundled scenario. To further understand the interactions between these measures, we conducted a decomposition analysis that distinguishes between the individual effects of a measure (effect when implemented alone), total effects (its contribution within the bundle), and interaction effects (the difference between total and individual effects). This approach aimed to show complementarities and trade-offs that emerge when multiple measures are implemented simultaneously. Findings Our analysis showed that individual measures in isolation are insufficient to achieve high-level environmental objectives and might generate unintended consequences. In contrast, bundling measures produces co-benefits: avoiding 50% of projected agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and almost 20% of anticipated land conversion, while moderating food price increases associated with ambitious climate change mitigation policies. Our decomposition analysis further shows that measures can have varying effects across different dimensions. Although dietary shifts and climate mitigation policies are the largest drivers of environmental benefits (each contributing to a median decline of >10 percentage points in non-CO2 emissions and 5 percentage points in agricultural land use globally), productivity improvements and reducing food loss and waste play essential roles in moderating price increases (each contributing to a median decline of >5 percentage points in average prices). Interpretation This study highlights the importance of implementing coordinated approaches to food system transformation and climate change mitigation rather than relying on isolated interventions. Comprehensive transformation requires understanding how supply-side and demand-side changes can interact with climate mitigation policies, enabling policy makers to design intervention packages that maximise benefits while minimising trade-offs across environmental, economic, and social dimensions.

Year published

2025

Authors

Sundiang, Marina; Oliveira, Thais Diniz; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Gibson, Matthew; Beier, Felicitas; Benavidez, Lauren; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Bos, Astrid; Chepeliev, Maksym; Chen, David Meng-Chuen; de Lange, Thijs; Doelman, Jonathan; Dunston, Shahnila; Frank, Stefan; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Havlik, Petr; Hristov, Jordan; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Kozicka, Marta; Kuiper, Marijke; Kyle, Page; Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Luchtenbelt, Hermen; Mishra, Abhijeet; Müller, Christoph; Nelson, Gerald C.; Palazzo, Amanda; Pérez Domínguez, Ignacio; Popp, Alexander; Sands, Ronald; Springmann, Marco; Stehfest, Elke; Sulser, Timothy B.; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Tassinari, Gianmaria; Thom, Ferike; Thornton, Philip K.; Tsuchiya, Kazuaki; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; van Meijl, Hans; van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique; Van Vuuren, Detlef; van Zanten, Hannah H. E.; Weindl, Isabelle; Wiebe, Keith D.; Zhao, Xin; Herrero, Mario

Citation

Sundiang, Marina; Oliveira, Thais Diniz; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Gibson, Matthew; Beier, Felicitas; et al. 2025. Bundling measures for food systems transformation: A global, multimodel assessment. Lancet Planetary Health 9(10): 101339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanplh.2025.101339

Keywords

Food Systems; Bundling; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Food Prices; Climate Change Mitigation

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanplh.2025.101339 Source record

Record type

Journal Article

Events

Using Big Data and Machine Learning to Predict Poverty and Malnutrition for Targeting, Mapping, Monitoring, and Early Warning
IFPRI Program/Country Event

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July 28, 2021, 8:00 – 9:30 am

Using Big Data and Machine Learning to Predict Poverty and Malnutrition for Targeting, Mapping, Monitoring, and Early Warning

Virtual Event: July 28, 2021 – 08:00 AM to 9:30 EDT. This webinar will highlight the differences between poverty and malnutrition targeting and mapping. 

Better Measures of Land Surface Temperatures and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) to Improve Monitoring for Drought-Stressed Crops and Crop Productivity
IFPRI Program/Country Event

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July 20, 2021, 10:00 – 11:30 am

Better Measures of Land Surface Temperatures and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) to Improve Monitoring for Drought-Stressed Crops and Crop Productivity

Virtual Event: July 20, 2021 – 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM EDT. This webinar will discuss how satellite remote sensing offers an inexpensive, timely solution to monitor conditions on the Earth's surface. 

Virtual Event - Ethiopia’s agri-food system: Past trends, present challenges, and future scenarios
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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September 22, 2020, 8:30 – 10:00 am

Virtual Event – Ethiopia’s agri-food system: Past trends, present challenges, and future scenarios

Ethiopia has experienced impressive agricultural growth and poverty reduction, stemming in part from substantial public investments in agriculture. Yet, the agriculture sector now faces increasing land and water constraints along with other challenges to growth.  Growth in the agriculture sector remains essential to continued poverty reduction in Ethiopia and will depend on sustained investment in […]

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Blogs

The challenges of influencing consumer behavior to improve food safety
Research Post
 | 
August 31, 2020

The challenges of influencing consumer behavior to improve food safety

By Vivian Hoffmann and Emily Wu

Two studies in Kenya examine risk perceptions of aflatoxin in maize.

Linking iron-biofortified beans and physical performance
Research Post
 | 
March 03, 2020

Linking iron-biofortified beans and physical performance

By Laura Pompano

A study in Rwanda shows women who ate biofortified beans had more energy for daily tasks.