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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

David Spielman

David Spielman is the director of IFPRI’s Innovation Policy and Scaling Unit and has been with the institute since 2004. His research agenda covers a range of topics including agriculture and rural development policy; agricultural science, technology, and innovation; plant genetic resources and seed systems; agricultural extension and advisory services; and community-driven rural development.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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The University of Bonn Faculty of Agriculture is dedicated to tackling the problems facing agriculture such as global shortage of energy and raw materials, competing use of land for energy or food production, and more. The Faculty of Agriculture is ideally placed to develop the scientific basis for the sustainable safeguarding of energy supply and needs-based nutrition through the unique combination of agricultural, nutritional and food science, and to support its implementation in practice.

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Publications

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Working Paper

Quantification and benefits of reducing post-harvest losses: Evidence for vegetables in Senegal

2020Beye, Assane; Komarek, Adam M.
Details

Quantification and benefits of reducing post-harvest losses: Evidence for vegetables in Senegal

This study examines on-farm post-harvest losses (PHL) for three vegetable crops (onion, tomato, and pimento) in Senegal and the potential economic benefits associated with reducing PHL for these three vegetables. Household survey data was used to quantify the on-farm PHL for these vegetables at different stages between the crop’s harvest and the sale or consumption. A multi-market model was used to simulate the effect of eliminating vegetable PHL on the total value of vegetable supply and international trade of vegetables at the national level. Results suggest that on average 30% of vegetable production is lost on-farm and is therefore unavailable for sale or consumption. Eliminating these losses could increase the total value of vegetable supply by 45% (US $72 million) per year and reduce vegetable imports by 22% (127,000 tons) per year. Moreover, our results indicate that both private costs to farmers and public costs to the government related to such PHL reductions would need due consideration when prioritizing between investments in the agricultural sector and beyond.

Year published

2020

Authors

Beye, Assane; Komarek, Adam M.

Citation

Beye, Assane; and Komarek, Adam M. 2020. Quantification and benefits of reducing post-harvest losses: Evidence for vegetables in Senegal. ZEF-Discussion Papers on Development Policy 300. Bonn, Germany: Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn. https://purl.umn.edu/305681

Country/Region

Senegal

Keywords

Africa; Sub-saharan Africa; Western Africa; Value Chains; Onions; Harvesting Losses; Allspice; Households; Vegetables; Food Losses; Tomatoes; Trade; Equilibrium Theory; International Trade; Postharvest Losses

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Working Paper

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Working Paper

The effects of prenatal exposure to temperature extremes on birth outcomes

2020Chen, Xi; Tan, Chih Ming; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xin
Details

The effects of prenatal exposure to temperature extremes on birth outcomes

This paper investigates the effects of prenatal exposure to extreme temperatures on birth outcomes – specifically, the log of birth weight and an indicator for low birth weight – using a nationally representative dataset in rural China. During the span of our data (i.e., 1991–2000), indoor air-conditioning was not widely available and migration was limited, allowing us to address identification issues endemic in the climate change literature related to adaptation and location sorting. We find substantial heterogeneity in the effects of extreme temperature exposure on birth outcomes. In particular, prenatal exposure to heat waves has stronger negative effects than exposure to cold spells on survivors.

Year published

2020

Authors

Chen, Xi; Tan, Chih Ming; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xin

Citation

Chen, Xi; Tan, Chih Ming; Zhang, Xiaobo; and Zhang, Xin. 2020. The effects of prenatal exposure to temperature extremes on birth outcomes. IZA Discussion Paper No. 12917. https://www.iza.org/pub/8IG9zceN

Country/Region

China

Keywords

Asia; Eastern Asia; Heat; Birth Weight; Weather Hazards; Pregnancy; Exposure Tolerance; Cold; Capacity Development; Environmental Temperature; Climate Change Adaptation; Temperature; Perinatal Period; Climate Change

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

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Working Paper

The effects of exposure to air pollution on subjective well-being in China

2019Zhang, Xin; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xiaobo
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The effects of exposure to air pollution on subjective well-being in China

This paper studies the impact of six main air pollutants on three key dimensions of subjective well-being (SWB) – life satisfaction, hedonic happiness and mental health. We match a nationally representative survey in China with local air quality and rich weather conditions according to the exact date and county of each interview. By making use of variations in exposures to air pollution across similar respondents living in the same county, we find that PM2.5 reduces hedonic happiness and increases the rate of depressive symptoms, but does not affect life satisfaction. Our results show that the benefits of reducing air pollution would be higher if the hidden costs of air pollution on SWB in China are taken into account.

Year published

2019

Authors

Zhang, Xin; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xiaobo

Citation

Zhang, Xin; Chen, Xi; and Zhang, Xiaobo. 2019. The effects of exposure to air pollution on subjective well-being in China. IZA Discussion Paper No. 12313. Bonn, Germany: Institute for the Study of Labor. http://ftp.iza.org/dp12313.pdf

Country/Region

China

Keywords

Asia; Eastern Asia; Mental Health; Health; Environment; Air Pollution

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

Events

Virtual Event - Hindsight is 2020: Reflecting on IFPRI’s ‘2020 Vision Initiative’
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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July 8, 2020, 9:30 – 11:00 am

Virtual Event – Hindsight is 2020: Reflecting on IFPRI’s ‘2020 Vision Initiative’

Discussion on the achievements and remaining challenges since IFPRI’s landmark series that aimed to catalyze global action to eradicate hunger & malnutrition while protecting the environment.
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Transforming Food Systems to Deliver Healthy, Sustainable Diets : The View from the World’s Science Academies
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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February 14, 2019, 12:15 – 1:45 pm

Transforming Food Systems to Deliver Healthy, Sustainable Diets : The View from the World’s Science Academies

The InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), a global network of science academies, recently brought together regional networks of science academies from four continents—Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe. This project aimed to spark a new global commitment to research the opportunities and challenges facing food and nutrition security and agriculture today.   This seminar will provide details […]

Bioeconomy – the new transformation of agriculture, food, and bio-based industries – implications for emerging economies
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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October 24, 2017, 12:15 – 1:15 pm

Bioeconomy – the new transformation of agriculture, food, and bio-based industries – implications for emerging economies

Speaker: Moderator: Bioeconomy is the knowledge-based production and utilization of biological resources, innovative biological processes and principles to sustainably provide goods and services across all economic sectors. It employs biomimicry, and utilizes biosciences to transform established economic sectors, such as chemical industries, pharmaceuticals, food, and construction industries into sustainable ones. The bioeconomy has been rapidly […]

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