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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Danielle Resnick

Danielle Resnick is a Senior Research Fellow in the Markets, Trade, and Institutions Unit and a Non-Resident Fellow in the Global Economy and Development Program at the Brookings Institution. Her research focuses on the political economy of agricultural policy and food systems, governance, and democratization, drawing on extensive fieldwork and policy engagement across Africa and South Asia.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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The Population Council conducts research to address critical health and development issues. In the developing world, the Population Council works with governments and civil society organizations to overcome obstacles to health and development. The Council also uses state-of-the-art biomedical science to develop new contraceptives and products to prevent the transmission of HIV.

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Publications

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Working Paper

Changes in work participation across genders in rural India: Evidence from 2019 and 2024 time use surveys

2026Kumar, Anjani; Bathla, Seema; Singh, Dhiraj K.
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Changes in work participation across genders in rural India: Evidence from 2019 and 2024 time use surveys

This study examines gendered patterns of time use in rural India using nationally representative time use surveys from 2019 and 2024, capturing shifts in labor force participation amid significant socioeconomic changes, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis reveals a notable rise in rural women’s labor force participation—from 32 percent to 35.9 percent in agriculture—with a 38 percent increase in their paid agricultural work time. However, this progress coexists alongside entrenched gender disparities in unpaid domestic work, where women continue to spend nearly five hours daily, limiting their engagement in nonagricultural employment, which remains male-dominated and stagnant for women. Using multivariate regression and Gelbach decomposition, the study identifies gender, landholding, education, income, and caste as significant determinants of time allocation. Yet, much of the increase in women’s work time is driven by unobserved factors, likely linked to post-pandemic livelihood adjustments and structural constraints. The findings underscore that recent gains in women’s participation reflect genuine shifts rather than statistical artefacts but caution that without addressing time poverty, gender norms, and access to diversified livelihoods, these gains may not translate into sustainable empowerment. The paper calls for integrated policy measures, including gender-responsive agricultural support, public care infrastructure, skill development, and behavioral interventions to rebalance domestic responsibilities and facilitate women’s transition to higher productivity sectors.

Year published

2026

Authors

Kumar, Anjani; Bathla, Seema; Singh, Dhiraj K.

Citation

Kumar, Anjani; Bathla, Seema; and Singh, Dhiraj K. 2026. Changes in work participation across genders in rural India: Evidence from 2019 and 2024 time use surveys. IFPRI Discussion Paper 2403. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Country/Region

India

Keywords

Southern Asia; Asia; Gender; Labour; Multivariate Analysis; Rural Areas; Unpaid Work; Surveys; Time Study

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

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Journal Article

Empowerment unveiled: Gender dynamics and the impact of nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions among ethnic minority groups in northern Vietnam

2026Nguyen Thi, Lan Thuy; van den Berg, Marrit; Stomph, TjeerdJan; Nabuuma, Deborah; Kramer, Berber
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Empowerment unveiled: Gender dynamics and the impact of nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions among ethnic minority groups in northern Vietnam

Gender equality and women’s empowerment are key global agendas, yet women often face marginalization compared to men. Nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions (NSAs) often aim to benefit women but their impacts on women’s empowerment remain unclear. This study focuses on: 1) assessing the empowerment levels of women and men from three ethnic minorities in rural northern Vietnam (Thai, H’Mong and Dao) with the Project-level women’s empowerment in agriculture index (Pro-WEAI); 2) examining the potential of NSA to improve women’s empowerment during COVID-19 pandemic; and 3) applying an intersectional lens by analyzing how empowerment and treatment effects vary by ethnic subgroups. We conducted a Randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving around 600 rural households from 36 clusters that were randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment arms: receiving agriculture and nutrition training; receiving seed provision on top of the training; and a control group. We found that both men and women experienced disempowerment, due to ethnicity and systemic ethnical marginalization. While no significant gender discrimination in resource access was found, women faced limited mobility, overburdened workload and diminished agencies. Empowerment experiences varied across ethnicities. The NSAs improved women’s mobility and group membership, yet carried different implications across ethnicities, potentially due to the interaction between the intervention, initial contextual conditions and the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, NSAs alone cannot achieve structural empowerment. Meaningful and lasting empowerment requires integrated approaches that address interconnected social, political, and cultural factors.

Year published

2026

Authors

Nguyen Thi, Lan Thuy; van den Berg, Marrit; Stomph, TjeerdJan; Nabuuma, Deborah; Kramer, Berber

Citation

Nguyen Thi, L.T.; van den Berg, M.; Stomph, T.; Nabuuma, D.; Kramer, B. (2025) Empowerment unveiled: Gender dynamics and the impact of nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions among ethnic minority groups in northern Vietnam. Journal of Rural Studies 122: 103948. ISSN: 0743-0167

Keywords

The Socialist Republic of Viet Nam; Asia; South-eastern Asia; Agriculture; Agricultura; Gender Equity; Equidad De Género; Igualdad Social; Families; Social Equality; Agencies; Relación Intrafamiliar

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103948 Source record

Project

Market Intelligence

Record type

Journal Article

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Working Paper

Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan

2025Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.
Details

Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan

This report presents evidence from the Sudan Rural Household Survey of 2023 and 2024, a two-wave panel survey that assesses how rural households are navigating prolonged conflict. By tracking the same households over time, the survey provides longitudinal insights into livelihoods, food security, access to markets and productive resources, and exposure to shocks across an insecure and rapidly evolving context. The findings from the survey data analysis point to an uneven pattern of economic adjustment by households rather than sustained recovery. Rural households are actively adapting through changes in livelihood strategies, income diversification, and increased participation of household members in income-generating activities. Compared to 2023, fewer households reported in 2024 having no employment. Engagement in salaried work and agriculture also rose. Despite these shifts, income losses remain widespread. Only a small share of households reported improved earnings in 2024, indicating that adaptation is largely driven by necessity rather than durable recovery. Food consumption outcomes improved markedly between survey waves, with substantial declines in the share of households in 2024 reporting poor or borderline diets. At the same time, experience-based measures show that food insecurity remains pervasive, with more than half of rural households facing moderate or severe food insecurity. There has been little change in the prevalence of severe food insecurity. The continuing food insecurity challenges underscore the fragility of recent gains and the continued vulnerability of many households.

Year published

2025

Authors

Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.

Citation

Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; and Kirui, Oliver K. 2025. Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan. Sudan SSP Working Paper 25. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179368

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Food Security; Conflicts; Livelihoods; Households; Surveys

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper