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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Timothy Thomas

Timothy Thomas is a Senior Research Fellow in the Foresight and Policy Modeling Unit. His research focuses on the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity. Tim’s work involves developing innovative methods for simulated climate futures and model coordination between climate, crop, water, energy, and economics.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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Where we work

IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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countries and regions

Publications

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Brief

Intellectual property rights regimes, their assets, and limitations

2023Luwedde, Justine; Taylor, Peter; Koo, Jawoo; Chambers, Judith A.
Details

Intellectual property rights regimes, their assets, and limitations

The role of intellectual property has become increasingly important in protecting creations of the mind and making day-to-day business decisions. Hence, if innovations are left unprotected, they can be exploited by competitors with capacity to commercialize them. This policy brief points out that lowand middle-income countries face intellectual property-related challenges compared to high-income countries due to inadequate intellectual property awareness, the high cost of processing patent applications, weak enforcement of intellectual property rights, and weak research and development capacity. Group of Seven (G7) countries are thus better positioned, as high-income countries, to lead globally on intellectual property enforcement, and leverage the flexibilities within the trade related aspects of intellectual property to support and encourage future technologies in low- and middle-income countries. We propose that G7 countries support the creation of equity- and rights-based awareness on intellectual property rights, the improvement of mechanisms and systems for enforcement, and investment in research and development via building local support to reduce costs.

Year published

2023

Authors

Luwedde, Justine; Taylor, Peter; Koo, Jawoo; Chambers, Judith A.

Citation

Luwedde, Justine; Taylor, Peter; Koo, Jawoo; Chambers, Judith A. 2023. Intellectual property rights regimes, their assets, and limitations. Think7 Policy Brief April 2023. https://www.global-solutions-initiative.org/publication/intellectual-property-rights-regimes-their-assets-and-limitations/

Country/Region

Canada; France; Germany; Italy; Japan; United States

Keywords

Northern America; Western Europe; Southern Europe; Eastern Asia; Copyright; Income; Intellectual Property Rights; Patents; Research

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Project

Digital Innovation

Record type

Brief

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Brief

Biodiversity and resilience interventions: Analysis of interviews with farmers in Germany

2022Kuncz, Adina; Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Fatima; Zander, Peter; Zhang, Wei
Details

Biodiversity and resilience interventions: Analysis of interviews with farmers in Germany

This note summarizes the results of interviews with 18 farmers in Germany to identify the motivations and challenges that impact farmers’ adoption of practices that improve biodiversity. All interviews were conducted either by phone or on Zoom. Respondents were identified through contacts provided by Bayer AG, the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) networks, local farmers as-sociations, an online list of apprenticing farms, and the farmer network of the team leader based at ZALF, and thus were not representative. The interviews were part of the Enhancing Biodiversity and Resilience in Crop Production project, which was commissioned by Bayer and implemented in collabo-ration with ETH Zurich and IFPRI. The project analyzed information that can contribute to guidance on using agricultural practices to improve biodiversity and resilience of farming systems. It focused on in-tensive maize, wheat, and soy production systems in France, Germany, Brazil, and the United States.

Year published

2022

Authors

Kuncz, Adina; Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Fatima; Zander, Peter; Zhang, Wei

Citation

Kuncz, Adina; Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Fatima; Zander, Peter; and Zhang, Wei. 2022. Biodiversity and resilience interventions: Analysis of interviews with farmers in Germany. Project Note October 2022. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136455.

Country/Region

Germany

Keywords

Western Europe; Europe; Biodiversity; Agriculture; Resilience; Farming Systems

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136455 Source record

Project

Water, Land and Ecosystems

Record type

Brief

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Journal Article

How Denmark, England, Estonia, France, Germany, and the USA pay for variable, specialized and low volume care: A cross-country comparison of in-patient payment systems

2022Quentin, Wilm; Stephani, Victor; Berenson, Robert A.; Bilde, Lone; Grasic, Katja; Sikkut, Riina; Touré, Mariama; Geissler, Alexander
Details

How Denmark, England, Estonia, France, Germany, and the USA pay for variable, specialized and low volume care: A cross-country comparison of in-patient payment systems

Background: Diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based hospital payment can potentially be inadequately low (or high) for highly variable, highly specialized, and/or low volume care. DRG-based payment can be combined with other payment mechanisms to avoid unintended consequences of inadequate payment. The aim of this study was to analyze these other payment mechanisms for acute inpatient care across six countries (Germany, Denmark, England, Estonia, France, the United States [Medicare]). Methods: Information was collected about elements excluded from DRG-based payment, the rationale for exclusions, and payment mechanisms complementing DRG-based payment. A conceptual framework was developed to systematically describe, visualise and compare payment mechanisms across countries. Results: Results show that the complexity of exclusion mechanisms and associated additional payment components differ across countries. England and Germany use many different additional mechanisms, while there are only few exceptions from DRG-based payment in the Medicare program in the United States. Certain areas of care are almost always excluded (eg, certain areas of cancer care or specialized pediatrics). Denmark and England use exclusion mechanisms to steer service provision for highly complex patients to specialized providers. Conclusion: Implications for researchers and policy-makers include: (1) certain areas of care might be better excluded from DRG-based payment; (2) exclusions may be used to incentivize the concentration of highly specialized care at specialized institutions (as in Denmark or England); (3) researchers may apply our analytical framework to better understand the specific design features of DRG-based payment systems.

Year published

2022

Authors

Quentin, Wilm; Stephani, Victor; Berenson, Robert A.; Bilde, Lone; Grasic, Katja; Sikkut, Riina; Touré, Mariama; Geissler, Alexander

Citation

Quentin, Wilm; Stephani, Victor; Berenson, Robert A.; Bilde, Lone; Grasic, Katja; Sikkut, Riina; Touré, Mariama; and Geissler, Alexander. How Denmark, England, Estonia, France, Germany, and the USA pay for variable, specialized and low volume care: A cross-country comparison of in-patient payment systems. International Journal of Health Policy and Management 11(12) 2940-2950. https://doi.org/10.34172/ijhpm.2022.6536

Country/Region

Denmark; United Kingdom; Estonia; France; Germany; United States

Keywords

Northern Europe; Europe; Northern America; Americas; Western Europe; Costs; Prospective Payment System; International Comparisons; Financing; Remuneration; Prices; Health Care

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Links

https://doi.org/10.34172/ijhpm.2022.6536 Source record

Record type

Journal Article

Blogs

Policy seminar: Mobilizing efforts to strengthen research and policy responses to the global food security crisis
Event Post
 | 
August 18, 2022

Policy seminar: Mobilizing efforts to strengthen research and policy responses to the global food security crisis

By Maike Hamacher and Birthe Paul

Addressing a humanitarian disaster without borders.

Policy seminar: German development cooperation and CGIAR joining hands for sustainable food systems transformation
Event Post
 | 
April 26, 2022

Policy seminar: German development cooperation and CGIAR joining hands for sustainable food systems transformation

By Birthe Paul

The importance of research partnerships.

Tracking hunger and strengthening resilience
 | 
January 20, 2017

Tracking hunger and strengthening resilience

By Janna de la Paz

IFPRI has been partnering with German development agencies, universities, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) for more than three decades to build the evidence base needed to effectively tackle pressing development issues.

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Events

IFPRI @ Tropentag 2026
IFPRI at External Event

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September 16 to 18, 2026

IFPRI @ Tropentag 2026

IFPRI is pleased to participate in Tropentag 2026, taking place September 16–18, 2026, in Göttingen, Germany. The annual interdisciplinary conference focuses on research in tropical and subtropical agriculture, natural resource management, and rural development. This year’s conference will be held under the theme “Towards multi-functional agro-ecosystems promoting climate-resilient futures.” Tropentag 2026 will highlight interdisciplinary research […]

Launch of the FSEC Global Policy Report
IFPRI at External Event

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January 29, 2024, 3:00 – 5:00 pm

Launch of the FSEC Global Policy Report

Hybrid Event: January 29, 2024 – 03:00 PM to 5:00 PM CET. IFPRI is participating in the launch of the FSEC Global Policy Report.

16th Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA)
IFPRI at External Event

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January 17 to 20, 2024

16th Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA)

Event: Jan 17 – Jan 20, 2024 – 09:00 AM to 5:00 PM CET. IFPRI is participating in the 16th annual Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA).

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News

July 05, 2021 | In the News

10 Lidl products that are sweeping stores every week that you will also not get fat (Business Insider)

Business Insider (Spain) published an article on the German-based market that has healthy options for consumers. The article quotes a study by IFPRI titled, The relative caloric prices of healthy and unhealthy foods differ systematically across income levels and continents that concluded that the high price of healthy foods has been proven to be a factor that determines the […]

November 10, 2020 | In the News

University of Göttingen: New graduate school “Sustainable Food Systems” approved (Fruchthandel)

Fruchthandel (Germany) announced that the University of Gottingen has approved a new graduate school program, “Sustainable Food Systems.” IFPRI scientists along with other international partners are involved and work with the program to train doctoral students.