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David Spielman is the director of IFPRI’s Innovation Policy and Scaling Unit and has been with the institute since 2004. His research agenda covers a range of topics including agriculture and rural development policy; agricultural science, technology, and innovation; plant genetic resources and seed systems; agricultural extension and advisory services; and community-driven rural development.

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experts

Development Strategies and Governance

Shima Mohamed

Research Analyst

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Shima Mohamed

Bio

Shima Mohamed is a Research Analyst in the Development and Strategies and Governance Unit. She is an economist with over 10 years of experience and a strong interest in political economy, fragility, private sector development, and the role of micro, small, and medium enterprises. Shima’s prior experience includes working as a consultant at the World Bank Sudan Country Office. She also served as a researcher at the International Growth Center (IGC) London School of Economics, and as an economist in the office of the Prime Minister of Sudan, where she provided critical economic insights and policy recommendations to support Sudan’s economic transition. Shima holds a BSc Honors Degree in Economics from Khartoum University (2012), and an MA in Public Policy from Peking University (2014).

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Publications

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Report

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026

2026Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Siddig, Khalid
Details

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026

Figures on: Cereals and Flour, Lentils, Rice, and Pigeon Peas, Vegetables, Meat and Animal Products, Oilseeds, Cooking Oil, Sugar, and Fava Beans, Seeds, Fertilizers, Diesel and Petrol, Exchange Rates, Labor wages, and Market Actors’ Perceptions,

Year published

2026

Authors

Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Siddig, Khalid

Citation

Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; and Siddig, Khalid. 2026. Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026. Sudan Market Prices and Availability Report 12. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182133

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Capacity Building; Commodities; Prices; Markets; Price Stabilization; Economic Stabilization

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Report

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Report

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: December 2025

2026Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Rakhy, Tarig; Abushama, Hala; Siddig, Khalid
Details

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: December 2025

Merchants’ expectations remained broadly stable in December. About 62.5 percent planned to continue trading at current levels, similar to November. However, the share intending to expand trading volumes declined to 20.6 percent from 26.7 percent, with planned expansions mainly concentrated in Blue Nile and South Kordofan. Only small shares of merchants planned to reduce trade volumes (4.4 percent, mainly in Gedaref and North Kordofan) or relocate to other markets (around 4 percent, notably in South Kordofan and Kassala). Temporary exits from trading or changes in product mix were negligible, while uncertainty about future plans increased to 6.6 percent, up from 3.5 percent in November.

Year published

2026

Authors

Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Rakhy, Tarig; Abushama, Hala; Siddig, Khalid

Citation

Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Rakhy, Tarig; Abushama, Hala; and Siddig, Khalid. 2026. Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: December 2025. Sudan Market Prices and Availability Report 11. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/181303

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Capacity Building; Commodities; Prices; Markets; Price Stabilization; Economic Stabilization

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Report

Resource thumbnail

Working Paper

Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan

2025Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.
Details

Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan

This report presents evidence from the Sudan Rural Household Survey of 2023 and 2024, a two-wave panel survey that assesses how rural households are navigating prolonged conflict. By tracking the same households over time, the survey provides longitudinal insights into livelihoods, food security, access to markets and productive resources, and exposure to shocks across an insecure and rapidly evolving context. The findings from the survey data analysis point to an uneven pattern of economic adjustment by households rather than sustained recovery. Rural households are actively adapting through changes in livelihood strategies, income diversification, and increased participation of household members in income-generating activities. Compared to 2023, fewer households reported in 2024 having no employment. Engagement in salaried work and agriculture also rose. Despite these shifts, income losses remain widespread. Only a small share of households reported improved earnings in 2024, indicating that adaptation is largely driven by necessity rather than durable recovery. Food consumption outcomes improved markedly between survey waves, with substantial declines in the share of households in 2024 reporting poor or borderline diets. At the same time, experience-based measures show that food insecurity remains pervasive, with more than half of rural households facing moderate or severe food insecurity. There has been little change in the prevalence of severe food insecurity. The continuing food insecurity challenges underscore the fragility of recent gains and the continued vulnerability of many households.

Year published

2025

Authors

Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.

Citation

Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Siddig, Khalid; and Kirui, Oliver K. 2025. Rural livelihoods under prolonged conflict: Evidence from a panel household survey in Sudan. Sudan SSP Working Paper 25. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179368

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Food Security; Conflicts; Livelihoods; Households; Surveys

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

Events

Three Years of Conflict: What the Evidence Tells Us and What Recovery Requires
Series/Special Event

 | 

April 14 to 15, 2026

Three Years of Conflict: What the Evidence Tells Us and What Recovery Requires

April 2026 marks three years since the outbreak of the conflict in Sudan, which has severely disrupted economic activity, food systems, and social services. More than half of the country’s population is in need of assistance, and communities, markets, and institutions are under unprecedented pressure. Recent evidence from IFPRI and others highlights the scale and […]