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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

David Spielman

David Spielman is the director of IFPRI’s Innovation Policy and Scaling Unit and has been with the institute since 2004. His research agenda covers a range of topics including agriculture and rural development policy; agricultural science, technology, and innovation; plant genetic resources and seed systems; agricultural extension and advisory services; and community-driven rural development.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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The Earth Planet

Sudan

countries and regions

Publications

Resource thumbnail

Book

War and resilience: The multifaceted impacts of Sudan’s conflict and pathways to recovery

2026Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.; Dorosh, Paul A.
Details

War and resilience: The multifaceted impacts of Sudan’s conflict and pathways to recovery

The synopsis is being made available in advance of an anticipated 2026 launch of the full book.

Year published

2026

Authors

Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.; Dorosh, Paul A.

Citation

Siddig, Khalid; Kirui, Oliver K.; and Dorosh, Paul A. 2026. War and resilience: The multifaceted impacts of Sudan’s conflict and pathways to recovery. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179201

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Resilience; Conflicts; War; Armed Conflicts; Livelihoods; Civil Conflict

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Book

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Report

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026

2026Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Siddig, Khalid
Details

Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026

Figures on: Cereals and Flour, Lentils, Rice, and Pigeon Peas, Vegetables, Meat and Animal Products, Oilseeds, Cooking Oil, Sugar, and Fava Beans, Seeds, Fertilizers, Diesel and Petrol, Exchange Rates, Labor wages, and Market Actors’ Perceptions,

Year published

2026

Authors

Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; Siddig, Khalid

Citation

Abushama, Hala; Rakhy, Tarig; Mohamed, Shima; Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw; and Siddig, Khalid. 2026. Essential commodities prices, availability, and market actors’ perceptions: January 2026. Sudan Market Prices and Availability Report 12. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182133

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Capacity Building; Commodities; Prices; Markets; Price Stabilization; Economic Stabilization

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Report

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Opinion Piece

Sudan: How warring factions gained influence in the country’s food system – and what it means for the current conflict

2026Resnick, Danielle; Kirui, Oliver K.; Siddig, Khalid; Abushama, Hala
Details

Sudan: How warring factions gained influence in the country’s food system – and what it means for the current conflict

Militaries play a major role in the politics of many countries. They determine whether elections can occur and who can compete. From Egypt to Pakistan and Myanmar to Uganda, the military is often the most important powerholder. In parallel, violent non-state actors – including criminal networks, terrorist groups and paramilitaries – have proliferated over the last two decades. To maintain their influence and finance their operations, militaries and violent non-state actors often become heavily involved in both legal and illicit business activities. Studies of their economic activities often focus on their role in extracting natural resources like gold, oil and timber.

Year published

2026

Authors

Resnick, Danielle; Kirui, Oliver K.; Siddig, Khalid; Abushama, Hala

Citation

Resnick, Danielle; Kirui, Oliver K.; Siddig, Khalid; and Abushama, Hala. 2026. Sudan: How warring factions gained influence in the country’s food system – and what it means for the current conflict. The Conversation, posted online on February 18, 2026. https://doi.org/10.64628/AAJ.9ahues4c5

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; Armed Conflicts; Food Systems; Value Chains

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-ND-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.64628/aaj.9ahues4c5 Source record

Record type

Opinion Piece

Datasets

Dataset

2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan

2024International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan

The 2021 Sudan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

Year published

2024

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2024. 2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan. Washington, DC: IFPRI [dataset]. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IKW7UT. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Sub-saharan Africa; Northern Africa; Macroeconomic Analysis; National Accounting; Household Consumption; Household Expenditure; Taxes; Economic Indicators; Labour; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Agrifood Systems

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/ikw7ut Source record

Project

Foresight

Record type

Dataset

Dataset

2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan

2023International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2019 Sudan SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open-access version of Sudan SAM separates domestic production into 77 activities producing 79 commodities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the world.

Year published

2023

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. 2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan. Washington, DC: IFPRI [dataset]. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/B1FUQL. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Eastern Africa; Northern Africa; Social Accounting Matrix; Household Consumption; Household Expenditure; Taxes; Economic Indicators; Labour; Sex-disaggregated Data

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/b1fuql Source record

Project

Foresight

Record type

Dataset

Dataset

2012 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Sudan

2018International Agricultural Trade and Development Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Khartoum University; Sudan University of Science and Technology
Details

2012 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Sudan

The 2012 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the Sudan, with a special focus on agriculture, water, and energy, is built using data from domestic sources in the Sudan, including the Central Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, and the Central Bank of Sudan, besides other external sources. Major data sets used include the 2012 National Accounts and Trade Statistics of the CBS, the 53rd Annual Report of the Central Bank of the Sudan, the 2011 Labor Force Survey, the 2009 Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the 2009-2012 Agricultural Production Cost Survey, and the 2005 Industrial Survey. Data from external sources are used to complement national sources. These sources include IMF studies on government finances, FAO reports and data on agriculture, and ILO reports on labor. The SAM distinguishes between agricultural activities based on modes of irrigation, energy based on its major source, and water based on modes of production and types of uses. Land is divided into irrigated and non-irrigated, while natural water resources are added in a separate account. Households are categorized by state, location (rural and urban), and income quintiles. Labor accounts are differentiated based on location (rural and urban), skill level, and gender.

Year published

2018

Authors

International Agricultural Trade and Development Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Khartoum University; Sudan University of Science and Technology

Citation

International Agricultural Trade and Development Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Departments of Agricultural Economics, Khartoum University; Department of Agricultural Economics, Sudan University of Science and Technology. 2018. 2012 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Sudan. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/DO3MSH. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Sudan

Keywords

Africa; Northern Africa; National Accounting; Income Distribution; Water; Modelling; Agriculture; National Income; Social Accounting Matrix; Energy

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/do3msh Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Dataset

Blogs

How warring factions gained influence in Sudan's food system – and what it means for the current conflict
Research Post
 | 
February 27, 2026

How warring factions gained influence in Sudan’s food system – and what it means for the current conflict

By Danielle Resnick, Hala Abushama, Khalid Siddig, and Oliver Kiptoo Kirui

Mapping relationships in a devastating war.

Can digital cash transfers serve those in active conflict zones? Evidence from Sudan
Research Post
 | 
February 20, 2026

Can digital cash transfers serve those in active conflict zones? Evidence from Sudan

By Kibrom Abay, Lina Abdelfattah, Hala Abushama, Oliver Kiptoo Kirui, Halefom Nigus, and Khalid Siddig

Investigating how best to deliver aid.

IPC: Famine and food insecurity spread in Sudan as humanitarian crisis worsens
Issue Post
 | 
November 13, 2025

IPC: Famine and food insecurity spread in Sudan as humanitarian crisis worsens

By Khalid Siddig and Steven Were Omamo

Ongoing conflict takes a rising toll.

View all Blogs

Events

Three Years of Conflict: What the Evidence Tells Us and What Recovery Requires
Series/Special Event

 | 

April 14 to 15, 2026

Three Years of Conflict: What the Evidence Tells Us and What Recovery Requires

April 2026 marks three years since the outbreak of the conflict in Sudan, which has severely disrupted economic activity, food systems, and social services. More than half of the country’s population is in need of assistance, and communities, markets, and institutions are under unprecedented pressure. Recent evidence from IFPRI and others highlights the scale and […]

Informing Crisis Response in Sudan
IFPRI Policy Seminar

 | 

October 22, 2025, 3:00 – 4:30 pm

Informing Crisis Response in Sudan

The recent resurgence of armed conflicts in Africa is increasing the need and urgency for investments in shock-responsive humanitarian and social assistance programs. Armed conflicts both increase the need for aid and greatly complicate delivery of humanitarian services to vulnerable populations. In addition, humanitarian organizations are facing an increasing funding gap because of dwindling donor […]

Two Years of Crisis: Impact and Pathways to Recovery and Resilience
Series/Special Event

 | 

April 14 to 15, 2025

Two Years of Crisis: Impact and Pathways to Recovery and Resilience

The Sudan conflict, now entering its third year, continues to devastate the country’s socioeconomic fabric. As of January 2025, more than 8.8 million people were internally displaced, and over 3.3 million had sought refuge in neighboring countries. Conservative reports estimate over 32,000 fatalities occurred between the start of the war on April 15, 2023, and […]

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News

October 23, 2025 | In the News

Food prices are likely to remain high and volatile (Welternährung)

Rob Vos (Markets, Trade, and Institutions unit) explores the persistent volatility and inflation in global food prices.

June 30, 2025 | Press Release

Sudan’s prolonged conflict could slash GDP by over 40% and push millions deeper into poverty, new IFPRI study warns

A new study finds that if Sudan’s conflict continues through the end of 2025, the country could face catastrophic economic losses, widespread unemployment, and a dramatic rise in poverty, with women and rural populations hit hardest.

November 12, 2024 | Press Release

New Study: Short-term humanitarian aid alone insufficient to address severe deterioration in employment, income, access to essential services and food security.

Economic revival, social protection, and infrastructure rehabilitation are critical for urban recovery in Sudan. Nairobi, 12 November 2024 – Eighteen months of war have deeply affected urban households in Sudan: 31 percent have been displaced, full-time employment has plummeted by half, over 70 percent of the urban households in Sudan had all or some of […]

View all News

Projects

The Water Energy Food Nexus

The Water Energy Food Nexus

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